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Retention Strategies of Healthcare Professionals as a Tool for Effective Service Delivery in the Zimbabwean Health Sector
Blessing Kanyumba and Steven Kayambazinthu Msosa
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.001
Abstract
The poor economic conditions prevailing in Zimbabwe have led to cross‐border mobility and irregular migration of healthcare professionals in search of greener pastures in the region and beyond. This problem has affected service delivery and the welfare of patients in the health sector. The aim of this study was to evaluate the retention strategies implemented by a selected hospital and how they affect service delivery. A descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study was undertaken to ascertain the perception of 80 healthcare professionals, namely doctors, nurses, midwives and nurse aids using a purposive sampling approach. The reliability of the study was tested using Cronbach’s alpha to ensure internal consistency. The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between retention strategies and service delivery. This implies that management of the health sector should put in place retention strategies to motivate the healthcare professionals, and at the same time, ensuring effective service delivery. This study contributes to the extant literature on retention strategies in the health sector in the developing world where the working and economic conditions are not conducive.
Keywords: Human Resources, Retention Strategies, Service Delivery, Health Sector, Healthcare Professionals
Methodology for the Study of Institutional Sustainability for Countering Contemporary Threats as a Tool for Improvement of the National Defense System Management
Venelin Terziev and Mitko Stoykov
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.002
Abstract
In order to support the updating and improving of national expertise, it is necessary to develop scientific and scientifically applied tools such as methodologies for expert evaluation of the sus- tainability of modern administrative units and their institutional capacities, as well as the need for internal interinstitutional and international cooperation to counteract of modern threats to na- tional security. Scientific instruments have been selected for the conduct of the study to carry out quantitative and qualitative measurements, evaluations and analyses, the application of which in a specific sequence forms a specialized scientific methodology for the complementary of measurement, evaluation and analytical techniques, as well as for the enhancement of repre- sentativeness and reliability of the obtained results.
Keywords: National Security System, Applied Tools, Development, Strategic Research, Busi- ness Game
Knowledge Management and Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Lessons from Tanzanian Bakeries
Kafigi Jeje
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.003
Abstract
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises around the globe have for years been struggling to realize competitiveness. Literature proposes knowledge management as one of the drivers of their performance. However, most of these SMEs still face challenges in ascertaining the right knowledge management strategies that would influence their performance and competitiveness. The study seeks to find the contribution of knowledge management strategies on SME performance. It intends to draw lessons from the operations and practices of small and medium- sized bakeries in Tanzania. It has adopted a mixed research methods, and a multi-stage sampling technique and ultimately received responses from 161 questionnaires, and 20 in depth interviews from bakery owners/managers throughout Tanzania. By employing a moderator analysis which is preceded by principal component analysis, and the qualitative content analysis (manifest analysis), the study is able to establish that both the owner/manager’s education, and business experience, moderate the relationship between knowledge management strategies and SME performance. This study’s argument lies in the fact that the knowledge management practices need to be enhanced in order to drive SME competitiveness. The study also argues that the initiatives to enhance these practices need the support of all relevant players in SME development, including the policy development practitioners from both public and private sectors.
Keywords: Knowledge Management, SME Performance, Bakeries, Tanzania
Changing Organizational Culture by Promoting Values that Encourage Teamwork
Ana Jovanoska, Ljubomir Drakulevski, and Stojan Debarliev
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.004
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of underlying culture values on teamwork as one of the most important employee behaviors and as a possible explanatory mechanism (means) through which managers affect their organizational effectiveness, such as job satisfaction and commitment. The main focus of the research is directed to the relations between the organizational culture and teamwork in different aspects: currently dominating organizational cultures in the organizations, preferred organizational cultures by the organizational members, as well as the current and preferred mix of the four CVF’s organizational culture types. Macedonian private and state-owned companies and institutions constitute the population of this study. We run a multiple regression and correlation analysis on CVF’s culture types on teamwork level in organizations. The results indicate that only clan culture has a positive correlation with the teamwork level. It means that the clan culture promotes values that encourage teamwork in organizations. The analysis of the results provides input for managers, who can adopt, apply, and promote values of a particular organizational culture type that encourages the teamwork level in the organizations.
Keywords: Organizational Culture, Values, Teamwork, Cohesion, Competing Values Framework
The Impact of the Exchange Rate Volatility on the Stock Return Volatility in Turkey
Derya Guler
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.005
Abstract
This research investigates the impact of the Turkish Lira to U.S. Dollar (TRY/USD) exchange rate volatility on the Borsa Istanbul 100 Index (BIST100) return volatility, in particular by providing insight into possible volatility spillover effects between TRY/USD exchange rates and BIST100 returns. For studying the impact of the TRY/USD exchange rate volatility on the BIST100 return volatility, a simple Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model and a novel Bivariate Asymmetric Quadratic GARCH (BAQ-GARCH) model are employed on the daily data during the period over July 2005 – April 2020. Evidence from this study shows that there is a positive impact of the TRY/USD exchange rate volatility on the BIST100 return volatility. The benefit of the BAQ-GARCH model, which is used to examine volatility spillover effects, is that it can capture the impact of good and bad news separately and reveal the interaction between the assets while taking into account asymmetric effects. This research can be helpful to better understand the structure of the BAQ-GARCH model and the volatility spillover interactions by interpreting the BAQ-GARCH model’s parameter estimates. The results of the BAQ-GARCH model indicate that there are negative bidirectional asymmetric volatility spillover effects. The negative asymmetric spillover means that bad news in TRY/USD exchange rates and bad news in BIST100 returns increase the next day’s volatility of BIST100 returns and the negative shocks will increase the volatility more than positive shocks. The economic interpretation of this is that bad news of a weakening Turkish Lira appears to have more impact on BIST100 returns than news of a rise in Turkish Lira. These empirical findings can be used by policymakers to create financial stability, and by investors to diminish investment risks while making decisions.
Keywords: Stock Price Volatility, U.S. Dollar to Turkish Lira Exchange Rate Volatility, Bivariate Asymmetric Quadratic GARCH, Volatility Spillover
Towards Addressing Employment Casualization: Unearthing Factors Limiting Labor Union Struggle in the Food Processing Industry in Lagos
Samson Adeoluwa Adewumi and Elsabe Keyser
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.006
Abstract
Commenting on the significance of work as a pathway for the realization of human needs, evidence has shown the challenges of non-standard employment (NSW) on the actualization of human needs on many grounds. However, this study attempts to stretch this discourse beyond the realm of other industrial sectors in Nigeria to the food processing industrial sector with sparse documentations. The paper interrogates how the labor union has been hampered by a constellation of issues towards addressing the rife of employment casualization. In view of this, the labor market segmentation theory was positioned as a theoretical argument to understand the array of these issues. A total of 24 labor union leaders were purposively selected from three organizations in the food processing industry based on some pre-determined criteria. The NVivo qualitative software was employed to identify themes from the transcripts’ data, while the content analysis tool was used to analyze the themes. The study found a range of workplace challenges for casual laborers and the labor union with consequential impact on the membership and financial strength of the union. The lack of political will and patriotism, economic downturn, rivalry and corruption were highlighted as issues constraining labor union efforts in the realization of decent work places. The study recommends a more habitual political climate for labor union through appropriate legislation for a robust function as well as the need to address the rife of rivalry and corruption among rank-and-file labor leaders for a workable labor union agenda for decent work.
Keywords: Employment Casualization, Labor Union, Food Processing Industry, Nigeria
Supply Chain Robustness, Firm Competitiveness and Performance of South African Logistics Firms
Jeremiah Madzimure
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.007
Abstract
This research explores the resilient domain, that is, supply chain robustness, which is important in the field of supply chain management. The present research aims to analyze the relationship between supply chain robustness, firm competitiveness and performance of South African logistics firms. A quantitative research methodology was employed for this study. The study used Smart PLS to analyze the data. Supply chain robustness antecedents show a strong positive relationship to firm competitiveness. Also, firm competitiveness was found to have a positive significant relationship with the performance of logistics firms. The proposed model has a high potential to secure future supply chains. This is the first study to be conducted in South African logistics firms using the dynamic capability theory to understand the relationship between the constructs. The study also provides an extensive overview of the present extent of the robustness research and it proposes a conceptual framework to further extend the knowledge in this field.
Keywords: Supply Chain, Supply Chain Robustness, Firm Competitiveness, Performance, Dynamic Capability Theory, Logistics Firms, South Africa
The Relationship netween Accounting Information Quality and Idiosyncratic Volatility: An Empirical Study on Chinese A-Share Listed Companies
Yi-Shu Wang, Ting-Chen, and Zhen-Jia-Liu
DOI: 10.15604/ejbm.2020.08.02.008
Abstract
China’s stock market has experienced a short bull market since 2008, and it is basically in a state of low volatility. The long-term market risks faced by the financial market are stable. More and more attention is paid to the idiosyncratic risk of company stocks, and the companies with bright value can still get the favor of the capital market. Most investors in the external capital market make investment decisions by using the financial accounting information of enterprises. Supported by the theories of “Stock Price Information Content Theory” and “Noise Deal Theory”, the quality of corporate accounting information can significantly affect the stock trading behavior of stock traders, making the company’s stock show different characteristic fluctuations. Therefore, the study of idiosyncratic risk is of great significance for obtaining high investment returns. This paper takes the Shanghai-Shenzhen A-shares from 2013 to 2018 as the research sample uses the Fama-French three-factor model to calculate the company’s idiosyncratic volatility, and calculates the accounting information quality with the modified Jones model, establishes a multiple regression model, and analyzes the inflation of accounting information quality to the idiosyncratic volatility.The results show that enterprises with higher accounting information quality have lower idiosyncratic volatility, and accounting information quality is significantly negatively correlated with idiosyncratic volatility.
Keywords: Company Idiosyncratic Volatility, Accounting Information Quality, Three-Factor Model
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