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Schooling and Professional Trajectories of Young People: A View from the European Periphery
Ana Cristina Palos, Fernando Diogo, and Osvaldo Silva
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.001
Abstract
In this article, we discuss the role of school diplomas in the transition of young people to adulthood. To analyze this role we pay special attention to the professional trajectories of young people in contemporary societies. The empirical analysis was carried out in a Portuguese region particularly suited to this analysis thanks to the great dichotomy between young people with excellent education levels and youngsters that feature low education levels and are early school leavers. The findings demonstrate the existence of four profiles that reflect the diversity of professional paths of young people, different kinds of dominant schooling pathways in each one, the mainstreaming of job insecurity in all profiles, and finally the emergence of new forms of transition between unemployment and employment.
Keywords: Young People, Transition from School to Work, Job Insecurity, Professional Trajectories, Schooling Profiles
Technology Entrepreneurship – State of the Art and Future Challenges
Monika Walicka, Marcin Zemigala, and Wioletta Czemiel-Grzybowska
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.002
Abstract
This article attempts to increase an understanding of technology entrepreneurship phenomenon by presenting state-of-the-art work by scholars. We aimed to map the technology entrepreneurship science using bibliometrics technique. We start with analysis of popularity of the field of technology entrepreneurship as a science. Then, we conduct research by years, journals and citations. Next, we analyze the main themes of technology entrepreneurship. Our findings suggest that there are only three fields of sciences that focus on the area of technology entrepreneurship. Finally we present 8 themes of researchers’ interest in the period 1986-2014 and the common trends in ‘technology entrepreneurship’ research.
Keywords: Technology Entrepreneurship, Bibliometrics
Turkey and the Muslim Brotherhood: Crossing Roads in Syria
Bulut Gurpinar
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.003
Abstract
Relations between Turkey and the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood (SMB) have gained momentum in the light of post-Arab revolt developments. This study aims to present the historical background of the relationship between SMB and AKP and effects of this relationship on foreign policy. For the analytical discussion on the relationship between AKP and SMB integration to ‘particular’ recent foreign policies of Turkey, first of all, it will be examined how the SMB is perceived in Turkey in social and political arenas. Thus, the socio-political dimensions of the process in which the SMB came to the fore and began to be known in Turkey will be explored along with its position in foreign policy during the Justice and Development Party (JDP) government and the Syrian crisis.
Keywords: Justice and Development Party, Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, Foreign Policy, Turkey
Refugee Problem in Europe – Case Studies
Esztella Varga
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.004
Abstract
The European refugee problem has grown dramatically in the last few months, putting a considerable amount of pressure on the European countries. Not only are they facing migrants from North Africa, but from the Middle East as well.In March 2011 the Arab Spring has reached Syria, causing a huge number of Syrians to flee their country and seek asylum in Turkey, and possibly going further to the EU. The refugees who fled Syria as well as those who are leaving North Africa (mostly the failed state of Libya) are aiming to reach European soil, but Italy, Greece or Turkey is not ready to handle the amount of refugees. The cooperation of the Mediterranean countries and Europe has not been able to slow down the flow of refugees, and the Mediterranean and Aegean seas have become dangerous routes for the desperate migrants who attempt the sea-crossing. In my analysis I would like to highlight the role of the so-called elements of ‘soft power’ in the way of dealing with the refugee problem. According to my hypothesis, the issue can’t be successfully addressed using only the means of the ‘soft power’. No real solution for the crisis has been offered yet, and I would like to give case studies of the different ways of dealing with the problem – inside (Greece, Italy) and outside (Turkey) of the European Union.
Keywords: European Union, Turkey, Refugees, Crisis
Rebuilding Socio-Economic Cooperation in South East Europe and the Black Sea for Restarting European Integration
Grigoris Zarotiadis and Domna Lyratzopoulou
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.005
Abstract
In our paper “Feraios Revised: Inter-Regional Trans-National Socioeconomic Cooperation in South and Eastern Europe”, published in International Relations and Diplomacy Journal (December 2014), we analyzed the prospects of an inter-regional cross-national cooperation (in economic, social and political patterns) in South and Eastern Europe through the structural reorganization of the existing institutions (local, national or cross-national) in the area and we expressed the need for the reintroduction of Rigas Feraios’ perspective of socioeconomic and ultimately of political integration in this region. The present paper is an attempt to explain the reasons why working on the regional socioeconomic cooperation and integration constitutes a necessary condition before going into a wider amalgamation. Contemporary systemic, global crisis brought out internal and transnational aberrations and the fact of the asymmetrical financial integration of the EU countries. The Union consists of a multilevel system were social conflicts, different rates of economic development and various demographic dynamics dominate. The increasing territorial inequalities in the enlarged Europe and the “suspended step” of a monetary unification might establish the need to revert to regional socioeconomic cooperation, on the basis of the existing cultural, economic and historical bonds, like those of South-East Europe and the Black Sea, for restarting European integration and succeed inter-union stability and prosperity.
Keywords: Regional Socioeconomic Cooperation, European Integration
The Goal of Evolutionary and Neoclassical Economics as a Consequence of the Changes in Concepts of Human Nature
Anna Horodecka
DOI: 10.15604/ejss.2015.03.04.006
Abstract
The economics depends on the concept of human nature very strongly. The concepts of human nature can be understood as a set of assumptions made about the individual (on different levels: behavior, motives, meaning) and his interactions with other people, with groups and diverse institutions. It corresponds with the image of world people have. The concept of human nature together with an image of the world builds the basis of thinking about the economics and about such fundamental element of it as its goal. Therefore if those images of men change, the way of thinking about economics and their elements adjust to those changes as well. The goal of the paper is to present the impact of these alterations of image of man on the economics. This impact will be illustrated on the example of the evolutionary economics, which is contrasted with the orthodox concept of human nature persisting in the neoclassical economics – homo economicus. The method applied to this research is, among others, a content analysis of the most important texts developed within neoclassical and evolutionary economics. To reach this goal, the following steps will be conducted: firstly, the concepts of human nature will be defined in regards of their particularity depending on the discipline by which they are defined; secondly, the main differences between concepts of human nature in neoclassical and evolutionary economics will be analyzed, and thirdly the differences in understanding of the goal and field between those two schools will be explained as resulting from the diverse concepts of human nature. The analysis proved that the main differences in those economic schools might be explained by the changed assumptions about the human nature and the image of the world.
Keywords: Goal of Economics, Field of Economics, Concept of Human Nature, Neoclassical Economics, Evolutionary Economics
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